It is most prominent in the words mœurs ("mores"), cœur ("heart"), sœur ("sister"), œuf ("egg"), bœuf ("beef", "steer"), œuvre ("work") and œil ("eye"), in which the digraph œu, like eu, represents the sound (in other cases, like plurals œufs ("eggs") and bœufs ("steers"), it stands for ).įrench also uses œ in direct borrowings from Latin and Greek. In French, œ is called e dans l'o, which means e in the o (a mnemotechnic pun used first at school, sounding like (des) œufs dans l'eau, meaning eggs in water) or sometimes o et e collés, (literally o and e glued) and is a true linguistic ligature, not just a typographic one (like the fi or fl ligatures), reflecting etymology. It occurs most often in borrowings from Greek, rendering that language's οι (in majuscule ΟΙ), although it is also used in some native words such as coepi "I began". The classical diphthong had the value, similar to (standard) English oi as in ch oice. Its traditional name in English is ethel or œthel (also spelt, ēðel, odal).Ĭlassical Latin wrote the o and e separately (as has today again become the general practice), but the ligature was used by medieval and early modern writings, in part because the diphthongal sound had, by Late Latin, merged into the sound. In English runology, œ ɶ is used to transliterate the Runic letter odal (Old English ēðel "estate, ancestral home"). It is used in the modern orthography for Old West Norse and is used in the International Phonetic Alphabet to represent the open-mid front rounded vowel. In French, the words that were borrowed from Latin and contained the Latin diphthong written as œ now generally have é or è but œ is still used in some non-learned French words, representing mid-front rounded vowel-sounds, such as œil ("eye") and sœur ("sister"). These usages continue in English and French. In medieval and early modern Latin, it was used in borrowings from Greek that originally contained the diphthong οι, and in a few non-Greek words. Œ ( minuscule: œ) is a Latin alphabet grapheme, a ligature of o and e. The word onomatopoeia with the œ ligature For the distinction between, / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. N| 4|-C-d-e-F-e-d-e-|-a-e-F-d-C-|-C-d-d-e-F-G-a-|-ī| 4|-G-F-e-d-C-|-e-d-C-d-C-|-Į| 3|-|-b-a-|-įor further information about the Qaumi Tarana ( Pakistan National Anthem), if needed.This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The flag of the crescent and starLeads the way to progress and perfectionInterpreter of our past, glory of our presentInspiration for our future!Shadow of God, the Glorious and Mighty The order of this sacred landIs the might of the brotherhood of the peopleMay the nation, the country, and the RepublicShine in glory everlasting!Blessed be the goal of our ambition PÄk sarzamÄ«n kÄ nizÄmqÅ«wat-e-ukhÅ«wat-e`awÄmqaum, mulk, sultanatpÄ'inda tÄbinda bÄd!shÄd bÄd manzil-e-murÄd PÄk sarzamÄ«n shÄd bÄdkishwar-e-hasÄ«n shÄd bÄdtÅ« nishÄn-e`azm-e-`alÄ«shÄnarz-e-pÄkistÄn!markaz-e-yaqÄ«n shÄd bÄdīlessed be the sacred landHappy be the bounteous realmThou symbol of high resolveO Land of Pakistan!Blessed be the centre of faith First the Anthem, Transliteration and Translation Para by Para
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